"

This service is provided byAnhui Southland Cold & Heat Integrated Energy Co.(Click for details)title sponsor

The company's main business scope is: regional centralized cooling and heating intelligent operation, energy Internet, building and industrial energy saving, data center cooling and emergency cold source construction, IC clean room, operating room laboratory purification engineering, central air-conditioning engineering, intelligent engineering, information technology system integration and other high-tech services.



Author | Li Wenjing Xiao Hongping Rao Song Shi Yidao Zhang Qiaoran Huang Shunde Hu Guangming

Title | Three-dimensional geothermal modeling and target selection of geothermal resources in the Central Depression and neighboring areas of the Songliao Basin

Source | Geoscience

Edit | Geothermal Core (add micro-signal: geothermalAI, can get related information)

→This is the Geothermal Energy Online AIgeothermal coreEditor's first1article


01

full text guide



In the field of geothermal resources exploration, the application of 3D geothermal geological modeling technology is increasingly becoming a research hotspot. Recently, researchers have successfully constructed a 3D geothermal geological model of the Central Depression Area of Songliao Basin and its neighboring areas by using geophysical and borehole data as well as rock thermophysical data, and the spatial interpolation method of 3D Geomodeller software. The model not only visualizes the temperature field distribution of the geological body, but also provides an important basis for determining the favorable development area of geothermal resources.

By comparing the stratigraphic stratification of the blind wells and the measured temperature data of the boreholes, the researchers verified the accuracy of the three-dimensional geothermal geological modeling and temperature field simulation. The results show that the stratigraphic temperatures in the central depression of the Songliao Basin and its neighboring areas at depths of 1.0 to 4.0 kilometers range from 30.3°C to 62.8°C, 68.2°C to 120.2°C, 110.5°C to 166.7°C, and 158.4°C to 214.2°C, respectively. The high anomaly areas of the geothermal field are mainly concentrated in the central part of Changyuan, Daqing, Wangfu Depression in Binxian, and Changchunling backslope belt.

In addition, it was also found that the bottom plate temperatures of four sets of main thermal reservoirs in the Nenjiang Formation, Yaojia Formation II-III, Qingshankou Formation II-III, and Quan III-IV were between 15.8°C and 71.4°C, 23.6°C and 88.6°C, 31.8°C and 107.4°C, 48.9°C and 133.4°C, respectively. to 133.4℃, with the Chinese character well terrace, Daqing Changyuan, and Bingxian Wangfu depression as the high value areas of the main thermal reservoir temperature.

It was noted that the distribution of the geothermal field in the present study area is mainly controlled by the relief of the basement. The difference in thermal conductivity between the basement and the sedimentary layers leads to the "refraction" effect of heat flow, which promotes the redistribution of heat in the shallow part of the area, forming a concave-convex pattern of heat flow distribution. Fracture structures also have a significant impact on the distribution of high anomaly areas in the geothermal field.

After comprehensively analyzing the characteristics of heat source, channel and storage and cover combination, the researchers circled the third section - fourth section of Quantou Formation in the central area of Daqing Changyuan as a favorable target area for the development of geothermal resources in the Central Depression of the Songliao Basin, which provides scientific guidance for the development of geothermal resources in the future.



02

HIGHLIGHT Pictures


Figure 1 Location and stratigraphic section of boreholes and seismic profiles in the Central Depression and adjacent areas of the Songliao Basin (modified from Ryder et al., 2003).

Fig.1 Distribution location and stratigraphic profile of boreholes and seismic sections in the central depression and adjacent areas of the Songliao Basin (modified from Ryder et al., 2003)

Fig. 2 Flow chart of 3D geothermal geologic modeling and geothermal field simulation in the Central Depression and adjacent areas of the Songliao Basin (modified from Calcagno et al.,2014).

Fig.2 Flow chart of three-dimensional geothermal geological modeling and geothermal field simulation in the central depression and adjacent areas of Songliao Basin (modified from Calcagno et al., 2014).

Fig. 3 Three-dimensional geothermal geological model of the Central Depression and neighboring areas in Songliao Basin

Fig.3 A three-dimensional geothermal geological model of the central depression and adjacent areas in the Songliao Basin

Figure 4 Comparison of stratification data and modeled stratification data for source 292 and ancient 514 wells

Fig.4 Comparison of stratified data and model stratified data of Yuan 292 and Gu 514 wells

Fig. 5 Comparison of measured and simulated ground temperature curves for Xushen1 and Songke2

Fig.5 Comparison of measured and simulated ground temperature curves between Xushen 1 and Songke 2

Fig. 6 Fitting of measured and simulated heat flow values in the Central Depression and neighboring areas of the Songliao Basin

Fig.6 Fitting diagram of measured and simulated heat flow values in the central depression and adjacent areas of the Songliao Basin

Fig. 7 Simulation results of geothermal field at different depths in the Central Depression and neighboring areas of Songliao Basin

Fig.7 Simulation results of geothermal fields at different depths in the central depression and adjacent areas of the Songliao Basin

Fig. 8 Plane spreading of mean geothermal gradient from 0 to 4.0 km depth in the Central Depression and neighboring areas of Songliao Basin.

Fig.8 Plane distribution of average geothermal gradient at a depth of0～4.0 km in the central depression and adjacent areas of the Songliao Basin

Fig. 9 Plane spread of temperature of the bottom plate of the main thermal storage in the Central Depression and neighboring areas of Songliao Basin

Fig.9 Temperature distribution of the main thermal storage floor in the central depression and adjacent areas of the Songliao Basin

Fig. 1 0 Simulation results of the geothermal field of the sl2 and sl5 seismic profiles in the Songliao Basin (see Fig. 1 for the location of the profiles).

Fig.10 Simulation results of ground temperature field in seismic sections sl2 and sl5 of the Songliao Basin(profile shown in Fig.1)

Fig. 1 1 Contour map of depth-embedded 150.0°C isothermal surface in the central depression and neighboring areas of the Songliao Basin

Fig.11 Contour map of 150.0℃isothermal surface burial depth in the central depression and adjacent areas of the Songliao Basin

Disclaimer: This article is for academic communication and dissemination only, and does not constitute investment advice

——-

References:

Fu Jian,Li Siqi,Jia Xiaojiang et al.2023.Mesozoic-Cenozoic lithospheric thickness evolution in the central depression area of the Songliao Basin. Geoscience,58(3):798-809.Fu Jian,Li Siqi,Jia Xiaojiang et al.2023.Mesozoic-Cenozoic lithospheric thickness evolution in the central depression of Mesozoic-Cenozoic lithospheric thickness evolution in the central depression of Songliao Basin.Chinese Journal of Geology, 58(3):798-809.

Han Jiangtao,Guo Zhenyu,Liu Wenyu et al.2018.Deep dynamic process of lithosphere thinning in Songliao Basin. Journal of Geophysics,61(6):2265-2279.Han Jiangtao,Guo Zhenyu,Liu Wenyu et al.2018.Deep dynamic process of lithosphere thinning in Songliao Basin. Journal of Geophysics,61(6):2265-2279.

Han Xiangjun and Jin Xu.2002.Geothermal resource and thermail structure in northeastern China. Geology and Exploration,38(1):74-76.Han Xiangjun and Jin Xu.2002.Geothermal resource and thermail structure in northeastern China. Geology and Exploration,38(1): 74-76.

Hu Wangshui,LüBingquan,Zhang Wenjun et al.2005.An approach to tectonic evolution and basin formation dynamics of the Songliao Basin. Geological Sciences,40(1):16-31.Hu Wangshui,LüBingquan,Zhang Wenjun et al.2005.An approach to tectonic evolution and dynamics of the Songliao Basin. Chinese Journal of Geology,40(1):16-31.

Huang Lei,Tong Hengmao,Yang Donghui et al.2019.A new model for the formation and evolution of the shallow and middle faults in Daqing Changyuan, Songliao Basin. Journal of Geology,93(3):597-605.Huang Lei,Tong Hengmao,Yang Donghui et al.2019.A new model for the formation and evolution of middle-shallow faults in the Daqing placanticline,Songliao Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,93(3):597-605.

Jiang Guangzheng,Gao Xing,Rao Song et al.2016.Compilation of geodetic heat flow data in the Chinese continental region(4th ed.). Journal of Geophysics,59(8):2892-2910.Jiang Guangzheng,Gao Peng,Rao Song et al.2016.Compilation of heat flow data in the continental area of China(4th Edition). Compilation of heat flow data in the continental area of China(4th Edition). Chinese Journal of Geophysics,59(8):2892-2910.

Kang Fengxin,Zhao Jichu,Huang Xun et al.2023.Heataccumulation mechanism and resources potential of karst heat storage in the Liangcun Paleosubmarine Mountains, North China Basin. Earth Science,48(3):1080-1092.Kang Fengxin,Zhao Jichu,Huang Xun et al.2023.Heataccumulation mechanism and resources potential of the karst geothermal Heataccumulation mechanism and resources potential of the karst geothermal reservoir in Liangcun buried uplift of Linqing Depression.Earth Science,48(3):1080-1092.

Lei Zhenyu,Xie Xinong,Meng Yuanlin et al.2013.Stratigraphic hydrochemical features and diagenesis reactions of formation formation under anomalous pressure conditions in the central depression zone, northern Songliao Basin. Petroleum Experimental Geology,35(1):81-86.Lei Zhenyu,Xie Xinong,Meng Yuanlin et al.2013.Chemical features and diagenesis reactions of formation water under abnormal Chemical features and diagenesis reactions of formation water under abnormal pressure in central depression of northern Songliao Basin.Petroleum Geology&Experiment,35(1):81-86.

Li Zhian.1995.Evolutionary features of mantle heat flux in Songliao Basin. Li Zhian.1995.Evolutionary features of mantle heat flux in Songliao Basin.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,19(2):104-112.

Lin Menjing,Liu Zhiming,Wang Wanli et al.2013.The assessment of geothermal resources and their potential of China. Geology in China,40(1):312-321.Lin Menjing,Liu Zhiming,Wang Wanli et al.2013.The assessment of geothermal resources potential of China. Geology in China,40(1 ):312-321.

Liu Yuchen,Liu Bo,Zhu Huanlai et al.2023.The distribution characteristics and main controlling factors of the present-day geothermal field in Songliao Basin. Journal of Geology,97(8):2715-2727.Liu Yuchen,Liu Bo,Zhu Huanlai et al.2023.The distribution characteristics and main controlling factors of present-day The distribution characteristics and main controlling factors of present-day geothermal regime of the Songliao Basin.Acta Geologica Sinica,97(8):2715-2727.

Niu Pu, Han Jiangtao, Zeng Zhaofa et al.2021.Deep controlling factors of the geothermal field in the northern Songliao Basin: results based on geomagnetic sounding. Geophysical Journal,64(11):4060-4074.Niu Pu,Han Jiangtao,Zeng Zhaofa et al.2021.Deep controlling factors of the geothermal field in the northern Songliao Basin Deep controlling factors of the geothermal field in the northern Songliao Basin derived from magnetotelluric survey.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,64(11):4060-4074.

Pang Zhonghe,Huang Shaopeng,Hu Shengbiao et al.2014.Progress and prospects of geothermal studies in China(1995~2014). Geoscience,49(3):719-727.Pang Zhonghe,Huang Shaopeng,Hu Shengbiao et al.2014.Geothermal studies in China:Progress and prospects1995-2014.Chinese Journal of Geology,49(3):719-727.

Pang Zhonghe,Kong Yanlong,Pang Jumei et al.2017.Research on geothermal resources and development and utilization in Xiongan New Area. Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,32(11):1224-1230.Pang Zhonghe,Kong Yanlong,Pang Jumei et al.2017.Geothermal resources and development in Xiong'an New Area .Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences,32(11):1224-1230.

Qiu Nansheng,Wei Gang,Li Cuicui et al.2009.Distribution features of current geothermal field in the Bohai Sea. Oil& Gas Geology,30(4):412-419.Qiu Nansheng,Wei Gang,Li Cuicui et al.2009.Distribution features of current geothermal field in the Bohai Sea waters. Oil& Gas Geology,30(4):412-419.

Qiu Nansheng,Tang Boning and Zhu Chuanqing.2022.Deep thermal background of hot spring distribution in the Chinese mainland. Acta Geologica Sinica,96(1):195-207.Qiu Nansheng,Tang Boning and Zhu Chuanqing.2022.Deep thermal background of hot spring distribution in the Chinese continent. Deep thermal background of hot spring distribution in the Chinese continent. Acta Geologica Sinica,96(1):195-207.

Rao Song,Gao Teng,Xiao Hongping et al.2022.Progress and prospective of geothermal exploitation in China's oil regions. Science&Technology Review,40(20):65-75.Rao Song,Gao Teng,Xiao Hongping et al.2022.Progress and prospective of geothermal exploitation and utilization in oil fields of Progress and prospective of geothermal exploitation and utilization in oil fields of China.Science&Technology Review,40(20):65-75.

Shi Yizuo,Wang Shejiao,Xiao Hongping et al.2022.3D GeoModeller-based simulation of the geothermal field in the northern Songliao Basin. Nature Gas Industry,42(4):46-53.Shi Yizuo,Wang Shejiao,Xiao Hongping et al.2022.3D GeoModeller-based simulation of the geothermal field in the northern Songliao Basin.Nature Gas Industry,42(4):46-53.

Sun Yu,Yu Limin,Yan Baiquan et al.2018.Oil-water distribution characteristics of the Grape Flower oil formation of the Cretaceous Yaojia Formation and its major controlling factors in the Sanzhao Depression sloping area, Songliao Basin. Oil and Gas Geology,39(6):1120-1130.Sun Yu,Yu Limin,Yan Baiquan et al.2018.Oil-water distribution and its major controlling factors of Putaohua reservoir of the Cretaceous Yaojia Formation in syncline area of Sanzhao Sag,Songliao Basin.Oil&Gas Geology,39(6):1120-1130.

Suo Y anhui,Li Sanzhong,Cao Xianzhi et al.2017.Mesozoic inversion tectonics and its record of oceanic plate subduction processes in eastern China. Geological Frontiers,24(4):249-267.Suo Y anhui,Li Sanzhong,Cao Xianzhi et al.2017.Mesozoic-Cenozoic inversion tectonics of East China and its implications for the subduction process of the oceanic plate.Earth Science Frontiers,24(4):249-267.

Tan Shiyan,Shi Yiqiang and Zhao Yujie.2001.The formation and prospective evaluation of geothermal resources in the Songliao Basin. World Geology,20(2):155-160.Tan Shiyan,Shi Yiqiang and Zhao Yujie.2001.The formation and prospective evaluation of geothermal resources in the Songliao The formation and prospective evaluation of geothermal resources in the Songliao Basin.World Geology,20(2):155-160.

Tian You,Ma Jincheng,Liu Cai et al.2019.Effects of subduction of the western Pacific Plate on the tectonic evolution of northeastern China and its dynamical significance. Geophysical Journal,62(3):1071-1082.Tian You,Ma Jincheng,Liu Cai et al.2019.Effects of subduction of the western Pacific Plate on tectonic evolution of Northeast China and geodynamic implications.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,62(3):1071-1082.

Wang Jiyang,Hu Shengbiao,Pang Zhonghe et al.2012.Estimate of geothermal resources potential of dry-heat rocks in mainland China. Science&Technology Review,30(32):25-31.Wang Jiyang,Hu Shengbiao,Pang Zhonghe et al.2012.Estimate of geothermal resources potential for hot dry rock in the continental area of China.Science&Technology Review,30(32):25-31.

Wang Jiyang.2015.Geothermics and Its Applications. Beijing:Science Press.1-548.Wang Jiyang.2015.Geothermics and Its Applications.

Wang Jiyang,Qiu Nansheng,Hu Shengbiao et al.2017.Advancement and development trend of geothermal research in Chinese oilfields. Earth Science Frontiers,24(3):1-12.Wang Jiyang,Qiu Nansheng,Hu Shengbiao et al.2017.Advancement and developmental trend in the geothermics of oil fields in China. Earth Science Frontiers.24(3):1-12.

Wang Zaijun.2003.The geothermal resource of the northern Songliao Basin and direction for its development and utilization. Journal of Natural Resources,18(1):8-12.Wang Zaijun.2003.The geothermal resource of the northern Songliao Basin and direction for its development and utilization. The geothermal resource of the northern Songliao Basin and direction for its development and utilization.

Wang Guiling,Ma Feng,Hou Hesheng et al.2023.Study of depression and layer controlled geothermal system in Songliao Basin. Acta Geoscientica Sinica,44(1):21-32.Wang Guiling,Ma Feng,Hou Hesheng et al.2023.Study of depression and layer controlled geothermal system in Songliao Basin.Acta Study of depression and layer controlled geothermal system in Songliao Basin.Acta Geoscientica Sinica,44(1):21-32.

Wang Shejiao,Yan Jiahong,Li Min et al.2014.New advances in the study of oilfield geothermal resources evaluation. Geoscience,49(3):771-780.Wang Shejiao,Yan Jiahong,Li Min et al.2014.New advances in the study of oilfield geothermal resources evaluation. Journal of Geology,49(3):771-780.

Zhang Jian,Fang Gui and He Yubei.2023a.High-temperature characteristics and geodynamic background of deep-seated high-temperature distribution in the geothermal anomaly region of eastern China. Earth Science Frontiers,30(2):316-332.Zhang Jian,Fang Gui and He Yubei.2023a.High-temperature characteristics and geodynamic background at depth of geothermal anomaly areas in eastern China.Earth Science Frontiers,30(2):316-332.

Zhang Jian,He Yubei and Fan Yanxia.2023b.Crustal thermal structure and deep heat source conditions in the Songliao Basin. Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,45(2):157-167.Zhang Jian,He Yubei and Fan Yanxia.2023b.Crustal thermal structure and deep heat source conditions in Songliao Basin,NE Zhang Jian,He Yubei and Fan Yanxia.2023b.Crustal thermal structure and deep heat source conditions in Songliao Basin,NE.

Zhang Qiaoran,Xiao Hongping,Rao Song et al.2023.Characteristics and controlling factors of present geothermal field in Songliao Basin. Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology,1-14.Web first.Zhang Qiaoran,Xiao Hongping,Rao Song et al.2023.Characteristics and controlling factors of present geothermal field in the Songliao Basin.Bulletin of Geological Science and Technology,1-14.Publish Online.

Zhai Zhiwei,Shi Shangming and Zhu Huanlai.2011.Potential distribution of geothermal resource in the western part of Daqing Changyuan. Science Technology and Engineering,11(4):834-837.Zhai Zhiwei,Shi Shangming and Zhu Huanlai.2011.Potential distribution of geothermal resource in western region of Daqing Potential distribution of geothermal resource in western region of Daqing Placanticline.

Zhao Bo,Yin Shumin,Zhang Shun et al.2009.Sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation in the Binbei area, Central Depression, Songliao Basin. Journal of Paleogeography,11(3):293-300.Zhao Bo,Yin Shumin,Zhang Shun et al.2009.Sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Sedimentary facies and sedimentary evolution of the Upper Cretaceous Qingshankou Formation of Binbei area in central depression of Songliao Basin.Journal of Palaeogeography,11(3):293-300.

Zhu Huanlai.2011.Research on the Sedimentary Geothermal Resources in North Songliao Basin (PhD thesis). Daqing,Heilongjiang:Northeast Petroleum University.1-104.Zhu Huanlai.201 1.Research on the Sedimentary Geothermal Resources in North Songliao Basin(PhD Thesis). Daqing,Heilongjiang: Northeast Petroleum University.1-104.

Zhu Xiaomin,Liu Yuan,Fang Qing et al.2012.Formation and sedimentary model of shallow delta in large-scale depression lake basin:the example of Fuyu oil layer in Sanzhao depression, Songliao Basin. Geological Frontiers,19(1):89-99.Zhu Xiaomin,Liu Yuan,Fang Qing et al.2012.Formation and sedimentary model of shallow delta in large-scale lake:Example from Cretaceous Quantou Formation in Sanzhao Sag,Songliao Basin.Earth Science Frontiers,19(1):89-99.

Calcagno P,Baujard C,Guillou-Ftottier L et al.2014.Estimation of the deep geothermal potential within the Tertiary Limagne Basin(French massif central):An integrated 3D geological and thermal approach.Geothermics,51:496-508.DOI:10.1016/j.geothermics.2014.02.002.

Chen L,Berntsson F,Zhang Z J et al.2014.Seismically constrained thermo-rheological structure of the eastern Tibetan margin:Implication for lithospheric delamination.Tectonophylics,627:122-134.DOI:10.1016/j.tecto.2013.11.005.

Jiang G Z,Tian Y T,Lv Q T et al.2023.Ground surface temperature history since the Last Glacial Maximum in Northeast Asia:Reconstructions from the borehole geotherms of the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program.Geophysical Research Letters,50(8):e2023GL1 03055.DOI:10.1029 /2023GL103055.

Lachenbruch A H and Sass J H.1977.Heat flow in the United States and the thermal regime of the crust.//Heacock J G,Keller G V,Oliver J E et al.The Earth 's Crust.Washington:American Geophysical Union.626-675.DOI:10.1029/GM020p0626.

Magnabosco R,Galvão P and De Carvalho A M.2020.An approach to map karst groundwater potentiality in an urban area,Sete Lagoas,Brazil.Hydrological Sciences Journal,65(14):2482-2498.DOI:10.1080/02626667.2020.1802031.

Mottaghy D,Pechnig R and Vogt C.2011.The geothermal project Den Haag,3D numerical models for temperature prediction and reservoir simulation. Geothermics,40(3):199-210.DOI:10.1016/j.geothermics.2011.07.001.

Qiu N S,Xu W,Zuo Y H et al.2015.Meso-Cenozoic thermal regime in the Bohai Bay Basin,eastern North China Craton.International Geology Review,57(3):271 -289.DOI:10.1080/00206814.2014.1002818.

Ryder R T,Qiang J,McCabe P J et al.2003.Qingshankou-Putaohua/Shaertu and Jurassic coal-Denglouku/Nongan total petroleum systems in the Songliao Basin,China.U.S.Geological Survey Bulletin,2203-A:24.DOI:10.3133/B 2203A. Basin,China.U.S.Geological Survey Bulletin,2203-A:1-24.DOI:10.3133/B 2203A.

Shi Y Z,Jiang G Z,Zhang X Y et al.2019.Present temperature field characterization and geothermal resource assessment in the Harbin area,Northeast China.Energy Exploration&Exploitation,37(2):834-848.DOI:10.1177/0144598718815922.

Shi Y Z,Jiang G Z,Shi S M et al.2022.Terrestrial heat flow and its geodynamic implications in the northern Songliao Basin,Northeast China.Geophysical Journal International,229(2):962-983.DOI:10.1093/gji/ggab500.

Siekel R,Stüwe K,Gibson H et al.2009.Forward prediction of spatial temperature variation from 3D geology models.ASEG Extended Abstracts,2009(1):1- 9.DOI:10.1071/ASEG2009ab117.

Teng Y,Koike K.2007.Three-dimensional imaging of a geothermal system using temperature and geological models derived from a well-log dataset. Geothermics,36(6):518-538.DOI:10.1016/j.geothermics.2007.07.006.

Wang S J,Yan J H,Li F et al.2016.Exploitation and utilization of oilfield geothermal resources in China.Energies,9(10):798.DOI:10.3390/en9100798.

Yang W Y,Xiao C L,Zhang Z H et al.2022.Identification of the formation temperature field of the southern Songliao Basin,China based on a deep belief network.Renewable Energy,182:32-42.DOI:10.1016/j.renene.2021.09.127.